No, the Quran (which consists of 114 suras/chapters) does not contain any references to or mention the 39 Old Testament books of the Bible. The Old and New Testaments of the Bible and the Quran are two completely separate writings.
While the Bible and the Quran do not always agree on these issues, it is true that some of the stories, characters, and ideas in the Quran are comparable to those in the Bible. For instance, Abraham is a major character in the lives of both Muslims and Christians (and of course Jews), in keeping with the emphasis on the Old Testament and the Quran.
Covenant with Abraham
The Bible says that God made a covenant with Abraham, and that his offspring, such as Isaac, Jacob, and others, would benefit from this covenant (Genesis 12–25). “Your descendants shall be named through Isaac,” God spoke to Abraham (Gen. 21:12). Moreover, “God blessed his son Isaac after Abraham’s death, and Isaac lived by Beer-lahai-roi” (Gen. 25:11). Jacob eventually fathered twelve sons (the tribes of Israel): Joseph, Benjamin, Dan, Naphtali, Gad, and Asher; Reuben, Simeon, Levi, Judah, Issachar, and Zebulun. Eventually, Isaac fathered Jacob.
“He [God] said also, ‘I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob,'” is the covenantal line found in the Bible. (Exodus 3:6; see also 3:15–16, 4:5, Deuteronomy 9:5–20, and others). However, Ishmael, Abraham’s son via Hagar, is also mentioned in this phrase in Islam (e.g. Sura 2:133, 136, 140).
Descendants of Ishmael
Ishmael is thought to be the ancestor of Arabs, and the Quran appears to highlight Abraham’s blessing and ancestry with/through Ishmael, rather than Isaac, in Sura 2:125–129. Once more, the Quran is evasive about which son Abraham sacrificed in the story of Abraham’s son Isaac (which the Bible makes very evident, Gen. 22) (Sura 37:99-111). Although some Muslims feel that identifying whose son Abraham attempted to sacrifice is largely irrelevant to the story’s larger lessons, many Muslims think Abraham made the attempt.
There are numerous distinctions between Islam and Christianity; these are but two of them. Therefore, there are many more differences than parallels between the Quran and the Old Testament texts, including historical narratives and people. The Quran does not contain any entire books from the Old Testament or even significant chunks of them.
